Cairo Citadel is referred to as 'Mohamed Ali Citadel', since it contains the Mosque of Mohamed Ali. It was built in memory of Tusun Pasha - Muhammad Ali's oldest son, who died in 1816. The citadel used to be the residence of the Egyptian ruler till the 1860s.In the citadel there are three mosques, some museums and some palaces. The mosque of Mohamed Ali stands perched on the summit of the citadel and was built between 1828 and 1848, Al-Nasir Muhammad, from the early Bahri Mamluk period, and the 16th century Mosque of Suleyman Pasha, amongst the first Ottoman-style mosques in the citadel. Muhamed Ali Mosque is the most visible mosque in Cairo. Al-Gawhara Palace, the National Military Museum and the Police Museum are some of the buildings housed inside Cairo Citadel. The citadel is one of the greatest monuments of medieval warfare in the whole world. It has been built as per Ayyubid, Mamluk and Ottoman styles of architecture. It was constructed by a lieutenant of the Ayyubid ruler Salah al-Din, between 1176 and 1183. It was later enlarged, in 13th-14th century. From the thirteenth to the nineteenth centuries, Cairo Citadel served under Ayyubid, Mamluk, Ottoman, and Khedival rulers of Egypt.
